Comparisons

Pairs engineers genuinely confuse — goal and implementation, MVP and bad prototype, prototype and spike, reversible and irreversible. Neither column wins; what decides is the problem. Each record leads with the confusion, because the confusion is what it costs.

Documentation vs tutorial

What people get wrong about this pair

The tutorial is mistaken for a picture of production. Its cart is client-side because that made the video shorter; its checkout skips payment failure because that made the video watchable; its folder structure is one person's habit. Building the product on the tutorial's decisions means inheriting choices nobody made for this problem. The other cost is dependency: a learner who can build only what a tutorial walked through cannot start anything. The strongest form of the tutorial side is that a working example is the fastest way to orient and to learn the vocabulary the documentation assumes; the honest reply is to use it for that, and then read the documentation for the concept you need and modify the example until it is yours.

Documentation — a reference to what each part is, what it guarantees and how to use it
Use it when

When you know the concept you need and want to use it correctly, and whenever you need to know what a thing guarantees rather than what it does in a demo.

Tutorial — a walkthrough that builds one example the way its author chose to
Use it when

On the first day with a new tool, to see the shape of a working example and the vocabulary. Then close it.

AspectDocumentation — a reference to what each part is, what it guarantees and how to use itTutorial — a walkthrough that builds one example the way its author chose to
Answers"What does this do and guarantee?""How did one person build one example?"
StructureBy conceptBy the author's sequence
Design decisionsYours to makeAlready made, for the video
Reading strategyGoal, concept, minimal section, try, modify, applyFollow once, then close it
Failure casesIn the reference, if you lookUsually cut for length
Typical mistakeReading it cover to coverBuilding the product on its architecture